Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico Tasa de supervivencia y éxito de la rehabilitación con implantes dentales en pacientes con y sin historia de periodontitis. Revision sistemática
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la tasa de supervivencia y éxito de la rehabilitación con implantes dentales en pacientes con y sin historia de periodontitis. Se consultaron 6 bases de datos electrónicas: Medline (PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS), Scielo, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier (Science Direct) y Tripdatase, entre marzo y abril de 2024. De un total de 7115 artículos, fueron incluidos 5 estudios (1 prospectivo, 2 retrospectivos y 2 revisiones sistemáticas), los cuales evaluaron tasa de supervivencia de implantes en pacientes con historia de periodontitis (HP) vs sin historia de periodontitis (SHP). Dos de ellos evaluaron adicionalmente la tasa de éxito. Se encontró una tasa de supervivencia favorable en ambos grupos, la cual fue =91,8% y =94,9% para el grupo HP y SHP, respectivamente. La tasa de supervivencia reportada por las revisiones sistemáticas incluidas osciló entre 85,3% y 100% para el grupo HP, y entre 90,6% y 100% para el grupo SHP, con períodos de seguimiento que variaron entre 4 y 16 años. La tasa de supervivencia fue ligeramente mayor en el grupo SHP vs HP, con excepción de un estudio de cohorte que reportó resultados opuestos. La periimplantitis se presentó como la principal causa de pérdida de implantes. En vista de las limitaciones de este estudio, especialmente por la escasez de investigaciones con grupos HP y SHP, se requiere la realización de nuevos estudios clínicos observacionales, analíticos y a largo plazo, en los que sean considerados estos grupos de comparación para obtener resultados más consistentes.
RECIBIDO: 17/06/2024
ACEPTADO: 16/07/2024
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